Bawasir vs. Fissure: How to Differentiate and Treat Them
Updated on: 4th Jun 2024
Anal fissures and bawasir (hemorrhoids) are two frequent anorectal disorders that can be painful and uncomfortable. Despite having certain symptoms in common, they are two different illnesses that need different approaches to therapy. For an accurate diagnosis and successful treatment, it is crucial to comprehend the distinctions between fissures and bawasir. The main distinctions between the two illnesses, their causes, symptoms, and the most effective treatments will all be covered in this blog.
Understanding Bawasir (Hemorrhoids)
Bawasir, also known as piles or hemorrhoids, refers to the swelling and inflammation of blood vessels in the rectum and anus. It is categorized into two types:
- Internal Hemorrhoids: Located inside the rectum and usually painless but may cause bleeding.
- External Hemorrhoids: Found under the skin around the anus, often painful and itchy.
Common Causes of Bawasir
- Chronic constipation or straining during bowel movements
- Prolonged sitting, especially on hard surfaces
- Pregnancy due to increased pelvic pressure
- Obesity leading to increased abdominal pressure
- Low-fiber diet causing hard stools
- Heavy lifting and strenuous physical activity
Symptoms of Bawasir
- Bright red blood in stools or on toilet paper
- Pain or discomfort while sitting
- Swelling or lumps near the anus
- Itching and irritation in the anal area
- Mucus discharge and a feeling of incomplete bowel movement
Understanding Anal Fissure
An anal fissure is a small tear or crack in the lining of the anus. Unlike hemorrhoids, which involve swollen veins, a fissure is a break in the skin that causes severe pain and bleeding.
Common Causes of Anal Fissure
- Passing hard or large stools
- Chronic constipation or diarrhea
- Childbirth trauma in women
- Reduced blood flow to the anal area
- Overuse of laxatives or enemas
- Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)
Symptoms of Anal Fissure
- Sharp pain during and after bowel movements
- Bright red blood in stools
- A visible tear in the skin around the anus
- Burning sensation and itching
- Muscle spasms in the anal sphincter
Key Differences Between Bawasir and Anal Fissure
Feature | Bawasir (Hemorrhoids) | Anal Fissure |
Cause | Swollen blood vessels | Small tear in anal lining |
Pain Level | Mild to moderate discomfort | Severe sharp pain |
Bleeding | Bright red blood on toilet paper | Blood streaks on stool |
Itching | Common in external piles | Less common |
Lump Formation | May have swollen lumps near anus | No lump formation |
Healing Time | Can persist for weeks | Heals within a few weeks with proper care |
Best Treatment Options for Bawasir and Fissures
Home Remedies for Bawasir and Fissures
- High-Fiber Diet: Consume fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes to prevent constipation.
- Hydration: Drink at least 8-10 glasses of water daily to soften stools.
- Sitz Bath: Soaking in warm water for 15-20 minutes can relieve pain and inflammation.
- Avoid Straining: Do not force bowel movements, as it can worsen symptoms.
- Maintain Hygiene: Gently clean the anal area with warm water and mild soap.
- Use Ice Packs: Applying cold compresses can reduce swelling and discomfort.
Medical Treatment for Bawasir
- Over-the-Counter Creams: Topical ointments containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can reduce swelling.
- Rubber Band Ligation: A non-surgical procedure where a band is placed around the hemorrhoid to cut off its blood supply.
- Sclerotherapy: Injection therapy to shrink hemorrhoids.
- Coagulation Therapy: Uses infrared or laser to shrink the hemorrhoidal tissue.
- Surgical Options: Hemorrhoidectomy or stapled hemorrhoidopexy for severe cases.
Medical Treatment for Anal Fissures
- Topical Medications: Numbing creams, nitroglycerin, or calcium channel blockers can promote healing.
- Stool Softeners: Prevent further irritation by making bowel movements easier.
- Botox Injections: Help relax anal sphincter muscles to reduce pain.
- Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy (LIS): A minor surgical procedure that relieves anal sphincter pressure for chronic cases.
Preventing Bawasir and Anal Fissures
To avoid developing these painful conditions, consider the following prevention tips:
- Eat a fiber-rich diet to prevent constipation.
- Stay hydrated to maintain soft stools.
- Exercise regularly to improve bowel function.
- Avoid prolonged sitting, especially on hard surfaces.
- Use gentle wiping techniques with soft toilet paper or moist wipes.
- Respond to bowel urges promptly; do not delay bathroom visits.
Conclusion
Bawasir and anal fissures are common yet painful conditions that require early recognition and proper management. While both conditions may cause rectal bleeding and discomfort, they differ in their causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle, adopting a fiber-rich diet, and seeking medical advice when needed, you can effectively manage and prevent these conditions. If you experience persistent symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.
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